The only problem I have every was in a spanish pistol shooting some 9mm largo aluminum case CCI. The chamber had apparently been rusted and the armory had scrubbed it out, but there were pits left. Brass cased millitary 9mm largo worked fine, but the aluminum cased ammo would not cycle properly. PMC brass 38 super worked fine once I relieved the slide face enough to accept the semi-rim of the .38 acp semi-rimmed head. Many spanish pistols in 9mm largo are fine with a semi-rimmed case and others are not.
Keltec put it in their owners manuals that it'll void your warranty with them if they catch you using aluminum cases. So I stayed away from using it in anything polymer
Locked breech firearm’s usually run fine with aluminum case ammunition. Blowback firearms are the ones that can have trouble with aluminum cased ammunition.
Aluminum cased ammo is fine in any modern firearm. As other messages pointed out, it may not be ideal for unlocked or older designs.
That being said, I've personally never had an issue with aluminum ammo in any of my firearms, including older ones like my Astra 600/43 (1945 mfg, unlocked breech).